What is a Luxating Patella in Dogs

Luxating patella is the displacement of the kneecap from its normal position in the groove of the thigh bone called the femur, either toward the outer side (lateral) or inner side (medial) of the groove. 

This condition can vary in severity: low-grade often only requires monitoring if no significant lameness is caused, whereas high grade surgery is generally advised.  

Patellar luxation is a developmental condition, with genetics playing a key role, but certain injuries or metabolic conditions can predispose to its development. The vast majority are developmental with no other clear predisposing cause identified. 

It is usually classified into four grades depending on the tendency for the kneecap to dislocate. This ranges from grade 1 where the kneecap can be dislocated but immediately reduces back to the groove, to grade 4 where the kneecap is dislocated permanently and cannot be pushed back into place.




Written by Dr. Mariella Roberts, Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Trust Vets CIC | Published January 2025 | Review date January 2027 | This advice is for UK pets only and is not a replacement for seeing a vet