What is Distemper in Dogs

Canine distemper is a highly contagious, often fatal viral disease that affects the respiratory, gastrointestinal (GI), nervous system, and other organs. 

Unvaccinated or incompletely vaccinated dogs and puppies are at highest risk.  

This disease primarily spreads from one dog to another through direct contact, such as coughing and sneezing but other bodily fluids like urine, vomit, and stool can also contain the virus. Contact with an infected animal is the most common way for distemper to spread, but shared food bowls and contaminated supplies, surfaces, and equipment can also pose a risk.  

Distemper in dogs can be prevented through a core vaccine given by your vet. All dogs should remain current on this vaccine throughout their lives. Fortunately, due to widespread vaccination against distemper, the disease is less common than it once was.  

Distemper in dogs can become serious very quickly, which is why it’s important to bring your dog to vet promptly if you suspect this disease. The earlier treatment is started, the better the chance of recovery.  

If left untreated, distemper in dogs is often fatal, especially in puppies.  



Written by Dr. Mariella Roberts, Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Trust Vets CIC | Published March 2025 | Review date March 2027 | This advice is for UK pets only and is not a replacement for seeing a vet