What is an Inguinal Hernia in Dogs

Inguinal hernias in dogs occur when the internal organs (intestines, bladder, and uterus) protrude through the inguinal ring (opening in the muscle wall in the groin area), abdominal wall and muscle layer. This protrusion can be seen as a bulge or swelling just below the skin. For most dogs, this can be easily seen or felt on either side or both sides of the groin area. Contents may be able to be pushed back into the opening by a vet.

Inguinal hernias can occur in both dogs and more rarely in cats. Inguinal hernias in puppies can also occur as congenital defects, meaning they were born with them. Factors which predispose a dog to develop an inguinal hernia include trauma (blunt force trauma, getting hit by a car, bite wounds), obesity, and pregnancy (due to increased abdominal pressure). Older, intact (not spayed) female dogs are more at risk for acquired (appear later in life) hernias due to anatomical and hormonal factors. Estrogen can weaken the tissue. Young male dogs are more at risk for congenital inguinal hernias.

There are two types of inguinal hernias in dogs:
Uncomplicated – either due to a smaller defect with little to no bulging of abdominal contents or bulging of just fat. These types of hernias usually cause no symptoms.
Complicated – contents of the abdominal cavity have passed through the opening and become entrapped.




Written by Dr. Mariella Roberts, Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Trust Vets CIC | Published February 2025 | Review date February 2027 | This advice is for UK pets only and is not a replacement for seeing a vet