Dog Vaccination Guide: What Vaccines Does My Dog Need?

Dogs need protection against several serious infectious diseases. Your vet will recommend the appropriate vaccinations based on your dog's age, health and risk of exposure. 

• Canine Distemper Virus: A serious viral infection affecting several organs, including the respiratory and nervous systems. It can be fatal. 

• Infectious Canine Hepatitis: A viral infection that can damage the liver, kidneys and eyes and cause severe illness. 

• Canine Parvovirus: A highly contagious virus that causes severe vomiting and diarrhoea. It can be life-threatening, particularly in puppies. 

• Leptospirosis: A bacterial infection that can cause serious liver and kidney damage. It can also spread to people. 

Vaccination Schedule for Puppies 

• First vaccinations usually start between 6–8 weeks of age 

• A second vaccination follows 3–4 weeks later 

• Your puppy will need a booster vaccination 12 months after completing their primary course 

• Your dog will then need annual vaccination appointments to maintain protection 

Vaccination Schedule for Adult Dogs 

• Dogs should have an annual vaccination appointment to keep their protection up to date. 

• Not every vaccine needs to be repeated each year. Leptospirosis vaccination is usually given annually, while distemper, infectious canine hepatitis and parvovirus boosters are generally given every three years. 

• Your vet will check your dog's vaccination history and advise which vaccinations are due at each appointment. 

If you're planning to travel abroad with your dog, they may need a rabies vaccination. This is a legal requirement for travel to many countries, including EU countries. 

Rabies vaccinations must be given within the required timeframe before travel, so speak to your vet well in advance. Requirements vary depending on your destination. 

Here’s what to expect during your dog’s visit: 

• Full health check by the vet 

• Chat about your dog's lifestyle, health and any concerns you have 

• Vaccination given via a quick injection 

• Advice on when your dog's next vaccination is due 

Vaccinations are generally safe, but like any medication, they can have side effects. Most are mild and short-lived. Common side effects can include: 

• Tiredness 

• Mild fever 

• Eating less 

• Soreness or swelling at the injection site 

Tiredness, mild fever and reduced appetite usually settle within a day or two. A small swelling at the injection site may take longer to disappear. If your dog remains unwell, contact your vet for advice. 

In rare cases, dogs may have a more serious reaction to a vaccine. Contact your vet immediately if your dog develops: 

• Facial swelling or hives 

• Difficulty breathing  

• Repeated vomiting or diarrhoea 

• Collapse 

If your puppy or dog hasn't completed their vaccination course, it's important to reduce their risk of exposure to infectious diseases. 

• Don't allow your puppy to walk on the ground in public places until your vet confirms it's safe 

• Carry your puppy when taking them out to help them experience new sights and sounds safely 

• Avoid contact with unfamiliar dogs or dogs whose vaccination status is unknown 

• Make sure other dogs in your household are up to date with their vaccinations 

If your dog has missed vaccinations or you're unsure of their vaccination history, your vet can advise on the appropriate course.