What is Gall Bladder Disease in Dogs
Gall bladder disease in dogs refers to conditions affecting the gall bladder and the flow of bile, which helps digest fats. Problems can include inflammation of the gall bladder (cholecystitis), blockage of the bile ducts and gall bladder mucocoeles, where abnormal mucus builds inside the gall bladder.
These conditions can range from mild digestive upset to serious illness, particularly if bile flow is obstructed or the gall bladder becomes damaged. Early diagnosis and treatment can make a significant difference to the outcome.
Gall Bladder Disease in Dogs: Symptoms, Treatment and Prevention
Symptoms of gall bladder disease in dogs can vary depending on the cause and severity, but may include:
Reduced appetite or refusing food
Lethargy or seeming less active than usual
Abdominal pain or discomfort
Fever
Jaundice (yellowing of the gums, eyes or skin)
Weight loss
A swollen abdomen in more severe cases
Some dogs may show only vague signs at first, such as seeming quieter than normal or being “off colour”.
Your vet may recommend a physical examination, blood tests and imaging, such as ultrasound to help diagnose gall bladder disease. Ultrasound is often particularly useful for assessing the gall bladder and bile ducts.
Additional tests may sometimes be needed to look for underlying causes or related conditions affecting the liver or pancreas.
Your vet may recommend a physical examination, blood tests and imaging, such as ultrasound to help diagnose gall bladder disease. Ultrasound is often particularly useful for assessing the gall bladder and bile ducts.
Additional tests may sometimes be needed to look for underlying causes or related conditions affecting the liver or pancreas.
Treatment depends on the cause and severity of the disease.
Mild cases may be managed with medications to control nausea, relieve pain, support bile flow, or treat inflammation, along with supportive care such as fluids and dietary management.
More severe cases, particularly where there is obstruction or damage to the gall bladder, may require surgery.
Prompt treatment can be important to prevent complications and improve the chances of recovery.
Not all gall bladder disease can be prevented, but keeping your dog at a healthy weight, feeding a balanced diet and managing any underlying health conditions may help reduce the risk.
Routine veterinary check-ups and early investigation of ongoing digestive signs can also help identify problems sooner.
The outlook for dogs with gall bladder disease varies depending on the underlying cause and how early treatment begins.
Mild cases may respond well to medical treatment, while more serious conditions may require surgery. With prompt diagnosis and appropriate treatment, many dogs can do well.
Delayed treatment or severe disease can lead to a more guarded outlook.
Written by Gillian Burkhill, Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Trust Vets CIC | Published May 2026 | Review date May 2029 | This advice is for UK pets only and is not a replacement for seeing a vet