Guide to Ibuprofen Poisoning in Cats and Dogs - A Vet Emergency
Ibuprofen poisoning in dogs: ibuprofen blocks an enzyme (called cyclooxygenase) that, in addition to reducing inflammation, also has roles in promoting blood flow through the kidneys and producing protective inflammatory chemicals (called prostaglandins) for the lining of the stomach. Dogs are much more sensitive to the effects of ibuprofen than humans.
Ibuprofen poisoning in cats: cats are more sensitive than dogs, and they can be toxically affected by even the smallest dosage of ibuprofen; they are more sensitive to NSAIDs, in contrast to some other animals. Their brain, stomach and guts, and kidneys are likely to be affected by the drug’s effects.
Written by Gillian Burkhill, Veterinary Surgeon, Animal Trust Vets CIC | Published July 2026 | Review date July 2029 | This advice is for UK pets only and is not a replacement for seeing a vet
Symptoms of ibuprofen poisoning in cats & dogs
Symptoms usually develop within a few hours of ingestion but may be delayed.
Common signs include:
Abdominal pain
More severe poisoning may cause:
Vomiting blood or black, tarry faeces
Excessive thirst or changes in urination
Some pets may show no symptoms initially, despite serious internal damage.
When is it an emergency?
Ibuprofen poisoning is always an emergency. Contact your veterinary practice immediately if you know or suspect your dog or cat has eaten ibuprofen, even if they seem well.
Do not wait for symptoms to develop. Early treatment can significantly improve the chances of a full recovery.
If possible, take the medication packaging with you so your vet can identify the strength and estimate the amount your pet may have ingested.
Diagnosis
Your vet will diagnose ibuprofen poisoning based on your pet's history, clinical signs and physical examination. Blood and urine tests may be recommended to assess kidney function and check for any complications, particularly if a large amount has been ingested or treatment has been delayed.
Treatment of ibuprofen poisoning in cats & dogs
Treatment depends on how much ibuprofen has been ingested and how quickly your pet is seen by a vet.
If treatment is started soon after ingestion, your vet may induce vomiting to remove the tablets before they are absorbed. Additional treatment may include activated charcoal to reduce absorption, intravenous fluids to protect the kidneys, medications to protect the stomach and treatment for any complications that develop.
Some pets require hospitalisation and close monitoring, particularly if kidney damage or stomach ulceration has occurred.
Prevention
Store all medications securely out of reach of pets and never leave tablets where they can be easily accessed.
Never give ibuprofen or any other human painkiller to your dog or cat. If you think your pet is in pain, contact your veterinary practice, as there are safe and effective pain relief medications specifically licensed for pets.
If you think your pet has swallowed ibuprofen, seek veterinary advice immediately.
Outlook
The outlook depends on how much ibuprofen has been ingested and how quickly treatment is started. Pets treated promptly often make a full recovery. However, delayed treatment or large overdoses can result in serious stomach ulceration, kidney failure and, in some cases, can be fatal.